The type, basic structure and working principle of condenser

a condenser, the type and characteristics of

according to the condenser cooling medium, can be divided into water cooled and air cooled, the transpiration type three categories.

( A) Water cooled condenser

water cooled condenser using water as cooling medium, by the rise of temperature of the water away condensation heat. Cooling water cycle usually use, but the system is equipped with cooling towers or cool pool. Water cooled condenser according to its construction method and can be divided into the shell and tube condenser and casing condenser two kinds, common is shell and tube condenser.

1, vertical shell and tube condenser

vertical condenser's primary feature is:

1 ° because of the high cooling large flow velocity, so the heat transfer coefficient is higher, usually K = (600 ~ 700 kcal/m2? h ? ℃) 。

2 ° vertically equipment cover an area of an area small, and can in outdoor equipment.

3 ° and velocity of cooling water through activity, so the water quality request is not high, usually water as cooling water.

4 ° pipe scale is easy to clear, and don't have to suspend the refrigerant.com/hfc-refrigerant' target='_blank'>refrigeration system operation.

5 ° but due to the vertical condenser cooling water temperature rise as long as 2 ~ 4 ℃, usually in the logarithmic mean temperature difference in 5 ~ 6 ℃ usually at the mercy of, so the water consumption is bigger. And because the device in the air, pipe corrosion, leakage than easy to be found.

2, horizontal shell and tube condenser

it is similar with the vertical condenser shell structure, the primary difference is that the level of the shell and the water was laid multiple activities. Horizontal condenser is not only widely used in ammonia refrigeration system, and also can be used in freon refrigeration system, but its structure is slightly different. Ammonia horizontal condenser cooling pipe to choose lubricating seamless steel tube, and freon horizontal condenser cooling pipe usually choose low rib copper tube. This is because the freon heat coefficient is low. It is important to note that some freon refrigerating unit is usually not a liquid cylinder, and only use less set rows at the bottom of the condenser tube, and make a liquid container.

3, bushing condenser

the refrigerant vapor into the cavity between the inner and outer tube, down from above, on tube surface condensation, liquid at the bottom of the outer tube progressive mean, from the bottom into the receiver. Cooling water enters from the bottom of the condenser, progressive through each row tube flow from the upper, and reflux method to the refrigerant. This kind of condenser strengths is to construct a brief, easy to make, and because of single pipe condensing, medium activity in the opposite direction, so the heat transfer effect is good, when the water velocity is 1 ~ 2 m/s heat transfer coefficient of up to 800 kcal/( m2? h ? ℃) 。 Its defect is metal consumption is large, and when the longitudinal pipe number is large, the lower part of tube filled with liquid, can not make full use of the heat transfer area. Other poor compactness, clean and difficulties, and needs a lot of elbow. Therefore, this kind of condenser is rarely used in ammonia refrigeration equipment.

about small freon air conditioning unit is still widely used bushing condenser.

( 2) Air cooling condenser

air cooling condenser is with air as cooling medium, by the rise of temperature of the air take condensation heat. The condenser is applicable to, extreme lack of water or water supply in small freon refrigerating unit. According to air activity method is different, can be divided into natural convection and forced convection type two kinds.

( 3) Transpiration condenser

transpiration condenser first is to rely on the heat transfer of cooling water in the atmosphere absorb gasification of latent heat of evaporation. The method of air activities can be divided into suction and delivery type, as shown.

transpiration condenser by cooling pipe, water supply equipment, some points such as fan, water retaining plate and housing. Cooling pipe group is made of seamless steel tube bending coiled coil set, in a rectangular enclosure made of thin steel plate. On either side of the body or at the top of the fan, the bottom of the box body and a cooling water circulation pool.

( 4) Drench water condenser

the primary strengths for rain water condenser is: 1, construct a brief, production facilities; 2, leakage of ammonia simple found, repair convenience; 3, clean convenient; 4, to water quality request is low. Its primary defect is: 1, the heat transfer coefficient is low; 2, high metal consumption; 3, covers an area of large.

to drench water condenser is on water temperature and water transpiration take condensation heat in the air. The first condenser used in large and medium-sized ammonia refrigeration system. It can be outdoor equipment, can also be equipment at the bottom of the cooling tower, but should avoid direct sunlight.

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