The physical properties of environmentally friendly refrigerants R290 and R32

The ideal refrigerant should be: non-toxic, non-explosive, non-corrosive to metals and non-metals, non-combustible, easy to detect when leaking, chemically stable, non-destructive to lubricating oil, has a large latent heat of evaporation, Not harmful to the environment. In addition, the characteristics of the refrigerant should have the following characteristics:

The pressure should be higher

The evaporation temperature will vary with the application temperature. The lower the evaporation temperature, the greater the evaporation pressure. Low, if the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the air will easily enter the system, and the system will be more difficult to handle. Therefore, it is hoped that the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant can be higher than the atmospheric pressure when the refrigerant evaporates at a low temperature.

The latent heat should be large

The latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant is large, which means that a large amount of heat can be absorbed by using less refrigerant.

The temperature should be high

The critical temperature is high, which means that the condensation temperature of the refrigerant is high. You can use room temperature air or water to cool the refrigerant to achieve condensation and liquefaction. effect.

The pressure should be low

The condensing pressure is low, which means that the refrigerant can be liquefied with a lower pressure, and the compression ratio of the compressor is small, which can save the compressor Of horsepower.

The temperature must be low

The freezing point of the refrigerant must be low, otherwise the refrigerant will freeze in the evaporator and cannot circulate.

The volume should be small

The smaller the specific volume of the gaseous refrigerant, the better, then the volume of the compressor can be reduced to reduce the cost, and the suction pipe and Smaller refrigerant pipes can be used for the exhaust pipe.

The density should be higher

The higher the density of the liquid refrigerant, the smaller the liquid pipe can be used.

Stable properties

In the refrigeration cycle system, the refrigerant has only physical changes, but no chemical changes, and it does not decompose.

Non-corrosive

Non-corrosive to steel and metal, and ammonia is corrosive to copper, so copper pipe piping should not be used in ammonia refrigeration systems; insulation The performance should be good, otherwise it will destroy the insulation of the compressor motor, so ammonia should not be used in a hermetic compressor to avoid direct contact with the copper coil.

Non-polluting

It is harmless to the natural environment, does not destroy the ozone layer, and has a low greenhouse effect.

Non-toxic

Non-explosive and flammable

R290 Basic performance

Chinese name: propane; molecular formula: C3H8

Appearance and properties: colorless gas, pure product, odorless ;

Solubility: slightly soluble in water, soluble in ether and ethanol;

Flash point (℃):- 104;

Upper explosion limit%(V/V): 9.5;

Lower explosion limit%(V/V): 2.1;

Relative density (airu003d1): 1.56;

Heat of combustion (kJ/mol): 2217.8< /p>

Ignition temperature (℃): 450~470;

Note: Flash point: vapor on the surface of flammable liquid The temperature when the mixture with air comes into contact with fire and flashes for the first time.

R290 has:

Health hazards: simple asphyxia and anesthesia. Short-term exposure to 1% propane does not cause symptoms; concentrations below 10% cause only mild dizziness; exposure to high concentrations can cause anesthesia and loss of consciousness; extremely high concentrations can cause suffocation.

Hazard characteristics: flammable gas, mixed with air can form an explosive mixture, and may burn and explode when exposed to heat sources and open flames.

The charge is small, the amount of R290 refrigerant is only 40%~55% of R22, r410a, and the amount is less, which is more economical.

The freezing point is low, and the latent heat of evaporation is greater, which makes the temperature drop faster per unit time; the isentropic compression ratio is small, which makes the compressor work easier and prolongs the use of the compressor Life; small molecular weight, good fluidity, lower delivery pressure, reducing the load of the compressor. Using R290 refrigerant, the energy saving rate can reach 15~35%.

Basic performance of R32

Chinese name: difluoromethane; molecular formula: CH2F2;

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Physical properties: colorless, odorless, slightly burning (A2 level).

Liquid specific heat 25℃, [KJ/(Kg·℃)] 2.35

Isobaric vapor specific heat ( Cp), 30℃ and 101.3kPa[KJ/(Kg·℃)] 0.44

Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) 0

Global Warming Coefficient (GWP) 670

Critical density, g/cm3 0.430

Below boiling point Evaporation potential, KJ/Kg 390.5

The thermodynamic properties of R32 are similar to R410A.

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