The birth of freon and continue

refrigeration technology on human society change than we imagine, in our side, the refrigerator can let us more fresh food for a long time; Air conditioning can let us no matter how cold or hot summer normal work study and life. When speaking of saltpeter in front of the ice legal system we mentioned China's soil, but this approach requires chemicals can be achieved, is irreversible process. In the 19th century the carnot carnot heat engine cycle is put forward, people found that only need a simple card carnot cycle can transfer heat energy.

【 We must thank cano, this little fresh meat, he found that led to the invention of the refrigerator, air conditioner. 】

carnot cycle of low temperature heat source is provided by the refrigerant can be liquefied gas, is the earliest refrigerant ammonia and sulfur dioxide, not very environmentally friendly. In 1929, in Cleveland, Ohio, folk-rock hospital refrigerator leakage accident, which killed more than 100 people. The incident left America Thomas mickey, the mood is very heavy, he thought, have to develop a stable, non-flammable, no corrosion and nontoxic new refrigerant.

he see mendeleev chemical periodic table, found only in the periodic table to the right of the nonmetallic elements can generate a gaseous compounds at room temperature, at the same time, he also noticed that compounds from left to right in turn reduce the combustibility, such as methane is easy to burn, ammonia is very not easy, water and hydrogen fluoride is how all burn up, therefore, halide is a very good flame retardant. Look from down to up, bromine toxicity is too big, too easy to oxidation, so he is considering to do new refrigerant with fluorine, chlorine compounds. Have a good idea and train of thought, work is more handy, took just three days, he made two fluorine methylene chloride ( The CFC - 12日,R12)

【 Thomas mickey, commonly called him 'little', who is considered to be the most outstanding inventors in the world, has been awarded the platinum award, the chemical industry's highest honor, such as Priestley prize in 1944, he was elected chairman of the American chemical society. 】

in 1931, the United States dupont company will R12 industrialization, brand name of Freon ( Freon) 。 We also often hear chlorofluorocarbons, CFCS, chloride fluorocarbon compounds such as chlorine, fluorine carbon compounds nouns, actually is a thing. A bit more professional, let's take a look at the English abbreviations, the classification of HFC refers to partly replace hydrogen fluoride hydrocarbon, also called HFC. All CFC refers to replace chlorine and fluorine hydrogen atom hydrocarbons, freon R12 is a kind of CFC; Still have a kind of as, is partly replace hydrogen chlorine and fluorine hydrocarbons, such as R22.

the dupont, large-scale production of these types of compounds, its trademark Freon refrigerant ( Freon) Almost become the pronoun of the refrigerant, most people might not know those obscure term above, but must know freon.

【 Freon is dupont, the earliest production come out, why always dupont? R - in this picture 22 is hydrogen fluoride dichloride. 】

a few years later, people found that great harm to the ozone layer, chloride fluorocarbon compounds that we described in the chapter of ozone. Appeared in 1987, the Montreal convention, exact proposed to limit the production and sales of R11, R113, r22® and the output of R115, freon, by 1998 its output to gradually reduce the production level of 50% by 1986, and in the early 21st century, as much as possible to cancel this kind of product.

【 NASA to do forecast figure, assume that humans do not ban chloride fluorocarbon compounds, the ozone layer will be destroyed. 】

in this problem, fluoride is a case, you can review the ozone that chapter, there is a map detailing the destruction of ozone, the mechanism of chloride fluorocarbon compounds of the actual damage effect is chlorine free radicals. Indeed, HFC HFC effect on ozone is no harm. As a result, people began to mass produce HFC HFC as new refrigerant.

some merchants for ozone depletion, launched the 'non-fresno freezers,' 'cfc-free air-conditioning', which is the use of HFC HFC refrigerants, seems it is more suitable to be called 'no chlorine refrigerator'. Perhaps, in the back of fluorine because nature is too heavy and stigma.

【 The concept of fluorine-free somewhat inconsequential, what do you think? 】

then, people found that including HFC HFC, all chloride fluorocarbon compounds is a powerful greenhouse gas, this is equivalent to the chloride fluorocarbon compounds were sentenced to death.

at the beginning of 1999, China has introduced a measures designed to protect the ozone layer, the measure of the plan: 'by 2010, our country will be a total ban on the production and use of ozone-depleting substances - — Freon. 'Only mentioned the CFC, as in the plan, did not mention of HFC, so HFC in China still can be the production and use.

even so, it's a pity that the situation is that the price of new refrigerant is high and businesses in order to make sure your price competitiveness is still a lot of use freon. I see road xi!

【 Freon will destroy the earth? 】

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