Introduces co2 refrigerant and frozen oil selection

carbon dioxide has high density and low viscosity, the flow loss is small, the heat transfer effect is good, and through the strengthening of the role of heat transfer, can make the loop is not high up. At the same time, carbon dioxide environment good, easy access to low cost, good stability, is helpful to reduce the device size. Most importantly, the safe non-toxic, nonflammable, it than R290 has obvious advantages.

of course, has its drawbacks as well as using carbon dioxide as refrigerant, carbon dioxide, the critical pressure of high and low critical temperature to make it refrigerant also brought a lot of problems. Both subcritical circulation and across the critical cycle, carbon dioxide refrigeration system operating pressure will be higher than that of traditional refrigeration and air conditioning system, it will inevitably bring a lot of new requirements for the design of the system and components. At the same time at this stage there is the relatively low efficiency of co2 refrigeration system.

at present the research and application of carbon dioxide mainly focused on three aspects:

the first on the one hand is auto air conditioning field, because of the refrigerant emissions is big, too big to the harm of environment, the refrigerant must be with no harm to the environment as soon as possible; ( SP - choose polyol ester freezing oil 100).

the second aspect is the heat pump water heater, heat in supercritical carbon dioxide conditions down there is a fairly large temperature glide, makes the hot water heated to a higher temperature; ( SP - choose polyol ester freezing oil 68).

the third aspect is considering the co2 flow good low temperature performance and heat transfer characteristics, using it as a cascade refrigeration cycle level of refrigerant in low temperature. ( SP - choose polyol ester freezing oil 32)

in the cascade refrigeration system, carbon dioxide cycle running under subcritical condition. The carbon dioxide used as lateral cryogenic refrigerant ( Choose polyol ester POE frozen oil) , the high temperature side using ammonia as refrigerant, Choose mineral MO) 。 Compared with other low pressure refrigerant, carbon dioxide even at low temperature, viscosity is very small, the heat transfer performance is good, because the use of latent heat, the refrigeration capacity is big.

at present, in the supermarket in Europe has established several this using carbon dioxide as refrigerant in low temperature cascade refrigeration system, the operation that is technically feasible, the system also applies to the freeze drying process at low temperature.

heat pump water heater, the upcoming domestic co2 heat pump water heater core accessories standard - — GB / T26181 - 2010. Took part in formulating the standard of Shanghai Hitachi electrical appliances co. , LTD. , a heat pump to promote office minister LeHong thinks, although in the domestic use of co2 refrigerant heat pump water heater haven't appeared, core parts compressor also in development, 'but the advanced standards, will be for the product marketing play a good role. '

CO2 refrigerant has the main advantage of

1. CO2 is a natural substance, ODP = 0, GWP = 1. Using CO2 as refrigerating agent, no damage to atmospheric ozone layer, can reduce the greenhouse effect, global sources, no need to recycle, can greatly reduce the refrigerant replacement costs, save energy, fundamentally solve the pollution problem of the compounds to the environment, has a good economy.

2。 CO2 safe non-toxic, nonflammable, and has good thermal stability, even at high temperatures will not release harmful gases. One thousand leak, food, ecological damage to the human body.

3。 CO2 has adapted to refrigeration cycle and equipment of thermal physical properties. Molecular weight is small, the refrigeration capacity is big, the unit of 0 ℃ refrigerating capacity is higher than conventional refrigerant 5 ~ 8 times, and for the same cooling load of the refrigeration system, the size of the compressor can be obviously reduced, the weight, the whole system is very compact; Lubrication condition easy to meet, no corrosion to the refrigeration system common material, can improve the sealing performance of open air compressor, reduce the leakage.

4。 CO2 viscosity is small, 0 ℃ when the movement viscosity of saturated liquid CO2 is only 5 of NH3. 2%, 23 R12. 8%, the fluid flow resistance is small, the heat transfer performance is better than class CFC refrigerants, can improve the heat dissipation of enclosed refrigeration compressor.

CO2 refrigerant is the main drawback of and analysis

1. The CO2 critical pressure is higher, 7. 38MPa) Across critical, so CO2 refrigeration cycle of the working pressure, compared with the traditional subcritical two phase refrigeration cycle working pressure is much higher, about traditional refrigerating CFC or as 6 ~ 8 times the system pressure.

so the refrigeration system in the medium flows through the piping system must be through security analysis. But due to the unit volume of CO2 refrigerating capacity is about 5 ~ 8 times of conventional refrigerant, CO2 volume required by the system is small, the explosion energy of the gas inside the devices as a function of the product of pressure and volume, so although system working medium pressure is high, but the volume is small, the pressure and volume differ with normal working medium is not big, the product of explosion energy increase of gas inside the devices is not much.

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