Comparison of the difference between refrigerant R134a and R22

Choosing a suitable refrigerant alternative requires consideration of many factors and a comprehensive evaluation. It must meet the requirements of ozone depletion potential (ODP), global warming potential (GWP), etc., and also consider Thermal performance, toxicity, flammability, compatibility, investment and operating costs, etc. The following analysis of the application characteristics of R22 and R134a are as follows:

1. The global warming potential (GWP) of R134a is 0.25, and R22 is 0.36, both of which belong to greenhouse gases.

2. The Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of R134a is 0 and R22 is 0.06. This is the reason why R134a has become an environmentally friendly refrigerant.

3. The specific volume of R134a is 1.47 times that of R22, and the latent heat of evaporation is small, so the refrigeration capacity of the R134a unit is only 60% of that of the R22 unit. Calculated according to the price of unit cooling capacity, the price of the R22 unit is about 60% of that of the R134a unit.

4. The thermal conductivity of R134a is 10% lower than that of R22, so the heat exchange area of u200bu200bthe heat exchanger of the R134a unit needs to be larger.

5. The water absorption of R134a is very strong, which is 20 times that of R22. Therefore, the requirements on the dryer in the unit system are higher to avoid ice blocking.

6. R134a has a stronger swelling effect on rubber substances than R22, and the refrigerant leakage rate is higher in actual operation. In addition, it is highly corrosive to copper, and 'copper plating' occurs during use, so additives must be added to the system.

7. The R134a system requires a dedicated compressor and dedicated grease lubricating oil. Due to its high water absorption, high foaming and high diffusibility, grease lubricating oil is stable in system performance. Inferior to the mineral oil used in the R22 system.

8. The price of HFCs refrigerants such as R134a and their special lipid oils is higher than that of R22, and the operation and maintenance costs of the equipment are higher.

Other refrigerants of HFCs, such as r410a, R440A, R407C, which are called environmentally friendly refrigerants, are superior to R134a in terms of efficiency, but they also have high working pressure, It has shortcomings such as high requirements for optimizing and pressure resistance of pipeline components, the need to improve the design of heat exchangers and units, and high investment, operation and maintenance costs. The application of large-scale refrigeration units is not suitable for China's basic national conditions at this stage. This is the international convention. The reason for easing the use of HCFCs in developing countries is also the result of collective efforts of developing countries.

In summary, there is no ideal refrigerant in the short term. At the current stage in my country, R22 refrigerants still have high efficiency compared with R134a environmentally friendly refrigerants. , Stability, low price and other advantages, it will still be in an advantageous position in the application of large refrigeration units. R22 refrigerant can be consumed until 2040 before the ideal refrigerant is born.

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