Classification and advantages and disadvantages of freon refrigerants

Freon is the working fluid that completes the thermodynamic cycle in the refrigerator. It absorbs the heat of the object to be cooled at low temperature, and then transfers it through cooling water or air at a higher temperature. In vapor compression refrigerators, refrigerants that can be liquefied at room temperature or lower temperature are used as refrigerants. The common ones are R12, R22, R502, R123 and R134a, because other types of refrigerants have been discontinued or banned. No explanation here. 1. Freon R600a(C4H10) 2-methylpropane (isobutane), which belongs to the CH refrigerant A3 substance, can be used as a refrigerator refrigerant when the charge is small, and has energy saving, low noise, and no damage to the atmosphere Advantages, but it is flammable, explosive, and poor in safety. 2. Freon R410A is a new type of environmentally friendly refrigerant, HFC refrigerant, made of difluoromethane R32 (CH2F2), pentafluoroethane R125 (C2HF5) mixed with 50%, 50% mass percentage of non (near) The azeotropic refrigerant has a small temperature slip, the ratio of the two components remains basically constant when the phase change occurs, and the physical properties are close to single-component refrigerants. The working pressure is about 1.6 times that of the ordinary R22 air conditioner, the cooling (heat) efficiency is high, and the ozone layer is not destroyed. In addition, the performance of air conditioners using new refrigerants will also be improved. R410a is currently the most suitable refrigerant to replace R22, and it has been popularized in Europe, America, Japan and other countries. 3. Freon R407C is a new type of environmentally friendly refrigerant, HFC refrigerant, composed of difluoromethyl R32 (CH2F2), pentafluoroethane R125 (C2HF5), tetrafluoroethane R134a (C2H2F4) at 23%, 25%, 52 The non-azeotropic refrigerant mixed with %% by mass has a higher temperature slip. 4. Freon 134a (C2H2F4, R134a) is a relatively new type of refrigerant, HFC refrigerant, with an evaporation temperature of -26.5°C. Its main thermodynamic properties are similar to R12, and it will not destroy the ozone layer in the air. It is an environmentally friendly refrigerant touted, but it will cause the greenhouse effect. It is an ideal alternative refrigerant for R12. 5. Freon 502 (R502) R502 is an azeotropic solution made by mixing R12 and R22 at the percentages of 51.2% and 48.8%. Compared with R115 and R22, R502 has better thermodynamic properties and is more suitable for low temperature. The standard evaporation temperature of R502 is -45.6℃, and the normal working pressure is similar to that of R22. Under the same working conditions, the unit volume refrigeration capacity is larger than R22, but the exhaust temperature is lower than R22. R502 is used in a fully enclosed, semi-enclosed or a certain medium or small-sized device, and its evaporation temperature can reach -55℃. R502 is used more in cold storage. 6. Freon 22 (CHF2CL, R22) HCFC refrigerant is one of the most widely used Freon refrigerants, mainly used in household air conditioners and low-temperature refrigerators. The thermodynamic performance of R22 is similar to that of ammonia, and the standard vaporization temperature is -40.8℃, and the condensation pressure usually does not exceed 1.6MPa. R22 is non-flammable and non-explosive, and is relatively safe and reliable in use. The unit volume of R22 is about 60% higher than that of R12, and its cooling capacity and saturation pressure per unit volume at low temperatures are higher than those of R12 and ammonia. Most of the refrigerants in large air-conditioning chillers are replaced by R134a. 7. Freon-13 molecular formula CC1F3, molecular weight 104.46. The scientific name is trifluorochloromethane, the melting point is ﹣182℃, the boiling point is ﹣82℃, and the density (﹣130℃) is 1.703 g/cm. It is a colorless gas. 8. Freon 12 (CF2CL2, R12) is one of the most widely used Freon refrigerants. CFC refrigerants are widely used in refrigeration devices such as medium and small food storage, household refrigerators, and water, refrigerated transportation. R12 has good thermodynamic properties, low refrigeration pressure, air-cooled or natural condensation pressure is about 0.8-1.2KPa. The standard evaporating temperature of R12 is ﹣29℃, which is a warm refrigerant. It can be used in medium and small piston compressors to obtain a low temperature of ﹣70℃. For large centrifugal compressors, a low temperature of -80°C can be obtained. The alternative refrigerant for refrigerators is R134a. 9. R-404A Refrigerant R404A is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant without chlorine. It is a colorless gas at room temperature and pressure. It is a compressed liquefied gas stored in a steel cylinder. Its ODP is 0, so R404A is an environmentally friendly refrigerant that does not destroy the ozone layer of the atmosphere. Main use: R404A is mainly used to replace R22 and R502, with clean, low toxicity, non-combustible, good refrigeration effect, etc., and is widely used in low-temperature refrigeration systems. X. Mixed azeotropic refrigerants. Eye flashes are not only formulated, but used in cascade refrigerators. Under the premise that the air is doubtful, the evaporation temperature can reach -150 degrees. TIP: Because Freon has stable chemical properties, non-flammability, low toxicity, low dielectric constant, high critical temperature, and easy liquefaction, it is widely used as a refrigerant in refrigeration equipment and air conditioning devices.

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