Analysis of Refrigerant Tanks and Inspection Related Knowledge

The hot summer is coming, and the use of various air conditioners and refrigerators is quite ordinary, but for these equipment, the most core refrigerant should not be understood. Let’s briefly introduce you.

Refrigerant knowledge

Refrigerants, also known as refrigerants, refrigerants, and refrigerants, are the medium through which various heat engines complete energy conversion substance. These substances usually use reversible phase transitions (such as gas-liquid phase transitions) to increase power.

The refrigerants widely used in compression refrigerants are ammonia, freon and hydrocarbons. According to their chemical composition, refrigerants can be divided into five categories: inorganic compound refrigerants, freons, saturated hydrocarbon refrigerants, unsaturated hydrocarbon refrigerants and azeotropic refrigerants.

According to the condensation pressure, refrigerants can be divided into three categories: high temperature (low pressure) refrigerants, medium temperature (medium pressure) refrigerants and low temperature (high pressure) refrigerants.

Commonly used Freon refrigerants are R12, R22, R502 and R1341a, because other types of refrigerants are now deactivated or banned.

Freon 12 (CF2CL2, R12): Freon refrigerant is one of the most widely used refrigerants, mainly for medium and small food storages, household refrigerators, and refrigeration equipment such as water and road refrigeration transportation. Is widely adopted.

Freon 22 (CHF2CL, R22): It is one of the most widely used Freon refrigerants, mainly used in household air conditioners and low-temperature refrigerators.

Freon 502 (R502): R502 is an azeotropic solution made by mixing R12 and R22 at the percentages of 51.2% and 48.8%.

Freon 134a (C2H2F4, R134a): It is a relatively new type of refrigerant with an evaporation temperature of -26.5°C.

Commonly used refrigerants are stored and transported in tanks. Tank containers are containers used to carry liquid cargo such as spills, oils, liquid foods, and chemicals. It is mainly composed of a liquid tank and a frame. The liquid tank is elliptical or approximately spherical and adopts a double-layer structure. The inner wall is made of stainless steel; or made of other rigid materials, but it needs to be coated with a layer of epoxy resin to prevent corrosion of liquid cargo. The outer wall adopts thermal insulation material. Generally, the top of the tank has a circular loading port, and the bottom of the tank has a discharge valve. There are several types of high-pressure liquid tanks, low-pressure liquid tanks, insulation liquid tanks, and liquid tanks with heating devices. The frame is made of high-strength steel, and the liquid tank is placed in the middle of the frame. The handling, loading, unloading, and storage of tank containers require a certain special place and be equipped with special fire safety equipment.

There is a corner bearing frame for protection and hoisting around the tank body. The outer frame size of the tank is completely equivalent to the size of the international standard 20 container (length 20 feet, width: 8 feet, height: 8 feet 6 inches). It can be used for road, rail and water transportation. Can load up to 14,300 to 31,000 liters (or even larger) of fluid cargo.

Refrigerant inspection process

1. Inspection category and cycle: The regular inspection of tanks is divided into annual inspection and comprehensive inspection. The annual inspection is carried out once a year; the safety status is graded 1-2, and the comprehensive inspection is inspected every 5 years; the safety status is graded 3, and the comprehensive inspection is inspected every 2.5 years.

2. Preparatory work before inspection: For tanks with flammable or suffocating media, the media in the tank must be discharged and cleaned, and residual liquid (gas) treatment, neutralization and disinfection, cleaning, and steam should be carried out Purging, ventilating replacement, sampling analysis, analysis results must meet the requirements of relevant standards. And measure the oxygen content in the gas, the oxygen content reaches 18% to 23% (volume ratio) to be qualified, and personnel are allowed to enter the tank; the surface that needs to be inspected must be thoroughly cleaned, and the surface that needs surface non-destructive testing should be exposed to metal Luster; the electricity used for inspection lighting should not exceed 24V, the cables introduced into the tank should be well insulated and grounded reliably; personnel entering the tank should be supervised by special personnel.

3. Annual inspection content and requirements: annual inspection items of tank containers, including tank container data review, tank appearance inspection, tank attachment inspection, insulation inspection, accessory inspection, safety Attachment inspection, assembly inspection, pressure inspection (if necessary) and air tightness test, etc.

4. Comprehensive inspection content and requirements: Comprehensive inspection items include all the contents of the annual inspection of tanks, structural inspection and geometric dimension inspection, emergency shut-off valve pressure test, wall thickness measurement, surface defects and Buried defect detection, paint inspection and strength check of the outer surface of the tank, etc.

Have you learned the relevant knowledge of the canning and inspection of these refrigerants?

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