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Comparison of air-conditioning refrigerants R22 and R410

by:Arkool     2021-05-29

   R22 and R410, which are commonly used in air conditioning and refrigeration, are two different refrigerants. But many people don't understand the difference between these two refrigerants. The editor of the refrigeration network below will let you know about these two refrigerants.

  The chemical name of R22 is difluorochloromethane, which is a member of the Freon family and belongs to the category of hydrochlorofluorocarbons. Most of the refrigerants we currently use are R22. Because this refrigerant is very harmful to the ozone layer, according to the Montreal Protocol, it will be completely phased out before 2020.

  R410 is a new type of refrigerant. R410A new refrigerant is composed of two quasi-azeotropic mixtures, mainly composed of hydrogen, fluorine and carbon elements, and has the characteristics of stability, non-toxicity, and superior performance. At the same time, since it does not contain chlorine, it will not react with ozone and will not destroy the ozone layer. In addition, the performance of air conditioners using new refrigerants will also be improved to a certain extent. R410A is currently internationally recognized as a suitable refrigerant to replace R22z*, and it has been popularized in Europe, America, Japan and other countries.

   With the signing of the Montreal Agreement in 1987, CFC refrigerants (such as R-11, R-12, etc.) have been completely banned due to their strong damaging effects on atmospheric ozone. Refrigerants (such as R-12, etc.) have little damage to the atmospheric ozone layer, but they are still banned for a limited period of time. The research and development of new refrigerants with superior performance and non-damaging effects on the atmospheric ozone layer is a common issue faced by the q* refrigeration and air-conditioning industry.

 

  R-410A is a mixed refrigerant composed of R-32/R-125 with a mass percentage of 50%/50%. When R-410A undergoes a phase change (evaporation or condensation), the ratio of the two components always remains constant.

  Temperature slip

  Temperature slip refers to the value of the phase change temperature when the refrigerant mixture undergoes a phase change under a constant pressure. For non-azeotropic mixed refrigerants, the phase transition temperature will change greatly with the phase transition process, so the heat exchanger must be optimized, otherwise the temperature slip will have a serious impact on the refrigeration performance of the equipment. The physical properties of R-410A are close to a single refrigerant, and the temperature slip is less than 0.17°C, which is almost negligible. The heat exchanger does not need to be specifically optimized for temperature slip, and it is also very easy to operate in the daily maintenance of the equipment.

   Ozone Layer Dissipation

   R-410A is an HFC refrigerant, does not contain chlorine, and has no damaging effect on the atmospheric ozone layer. The ozone layer dissipation potential coefficient (ODP value) is 0, according to The Montreal Protocol has no period of prohibition, and the ODP value of R-22 is 0.05, which falls within the scope of prohibition.

  q*warming

  The influence of    refrigerant on q* warming includes two aspects: direct influence and indirect influence: direct influence refers to the direct influence of refrigerant on q* The impact of warming, and the indirect impact refers to the impact of CO2 emissions produced by the electrical energy consumed by the refrigeration system on the warming of q*. Studies have shown that indirect impacts account for about 95% of the entire impact, while direct impacts only account for 5%. For this reason, the TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Lmpact) concept proposed by the researchers is used to comprehensively measure the comprehensive influence of refrigerants on q* warming. In 1999, Gopalnarayanan comprehensively studied eight R-22 alternative refrigerants and found that R-410A has the best TEWI value of z*. This conclusion is also supported by other research results in ASHRAE publications.

  Refrigeration efficiency

  Research shows that under the same operating conditions, the average efficiency of piston and swirl chillers using R-410A is about 6% higher than those using R-22 . This is mainly due to the following characteristics of R-410A: s*First, the gas-liquid heat capacity and dynamic viscosity of R-410A are better than R-22, which determines that R-410A has more heat transfer performance (R- The evaporation heat transfer coefficient of 410A is about 30% higher than that of R-22), and the heat exchange temperature difference is smaller, which means that the unit can operate at a lower condensing temperature and a slightly higher evaporation temperature, and the cooling efficiency of the unit is therefore improved; secondly, Under the same working conditions, R-410A has higher working pressure and higher refrigerant density. Under the same cooling capacity, the volume flow of R-410A refrigerant is less than R-22, and the resistance loss of the system pipeline is greatly reduced (R-410A evaporation and condensation The resistance loss is about 40% lower than that of R-22), so the unit also has better cooling efficiency.

  Reliability

  R-410A refrigerant has a condensation pressure of about 26kg/cm2 and an evaporation pressure of about 7kg/cm2. The average working pressure is about 60% higher than that of R-22. Therefore, R-410A puts forward more stringent requirements than R-22 in terms of system reliability design. In view of the high working pressure of R-410A, Carrier’s new masterpiece series selects a vortex compressor specially designed for R-410A. The refrigeration system pipes are all welded, and electronic expansion valves and pressure sensors are used. Abandon the traditional capillary design, completely eliminate the possibility of refrigerant leakage. In addition, since 1995, the successful operation experience of more than 1,000,000 air-conditioning units using R-410A across q* shows that the reliability of the R-410A refrigeration system is even better than R-22 in a sense.

  
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